Journal: The International journal of developmental biology

Article Title: Gonadal defects in Cited2-mutant mice indicate a role for SF1 in both testis and ovary differentiation.

doi: 10.1387/ijdb.092920ac

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. Abnormal testis morphology in Cited2 -/- mice. (A-C) Represen- tative images of gonadal morphology from 12.5 - 14.5 dpc Cited2+/+ and Cited2+/- embryos. Asterisks indicate testis cords and an arrow indicates the coelomic vessel. (D-F) Abnormal morphology in Cited2 -/- gonads demonstrates that testis development is defective in embryos lacking this gene. Arrows indicate the coelomic vessel, brackets highlight re- gions where Sertoli and germ cells are not organised into testis cords, asterisks mark testis cords. A-F, Sertoli cells are marked by an anti-SOX9 antibody (green). A, B, D, E are confocal images of wholemount gonads; germ cells and vasculature are marked by an anti PECAM-1 antibody (red). C and F are confocal images of paraffin sections; germ cells are marked by an anti-OCT4 antibody (red). n ≥ 3 for each knockout stage analysed. Scale bar, 100 μm.

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used: Rabbit anti-SOX9 antibody (Wilhelm et al., 2005), Rat anti-platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1/CD31 (PECAM-1, 1:200, BD Biosciences), Mouse antiOCT4 (1:50, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).

Techniques: Knock-Out

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Metabolic Reconfiguration Activates Stemness and Immunomodulation of PDLSCs.

doi: 10.3390/ijms23074038

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Curcumin increased the capabilities of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation in PDLSCs. (A) Heat map of RNA-seq analysis data showing the PDLSC function-related genes that were differentially regulated by curcumin treatment. (B,C) qPCR assay showed the significantly elevated levels of osteoprogenitor markers (B) and chondroprogenitor markers (C) in curcumin treated PDLSCs. (D) Alizarin red staining showed that curcumin treated PDLSCs has increased capacity to form mineralized nodules under osteoinductive conditions. (E) Western blot analysis showed the expression levels of the osteogenic genes RUNX2 and ALP were greatly increased in curcumin treated PDLSCs under osteoinductive conditions. β-actin was used as a loading control. (F) Histological analysis showed chondrogenic differentiation of vehicle and curcumin treated PDLSCs. Scale bar, 25 µm. IF staining showed increased ACAN+ and SOX9+ cells after curcumin treatment in PDLSCs. Scale bar, 25 µm. * p < 0.005. Error bars represent the s.d. from the mean values.

Article Snippet: Anti-ACAN antibody was purchased from Abcam, Cambridge, UK, and anti-SOX9 antibody was purchased from Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Staining, Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: BMC developmental biology

Article Title: Sonic hedgehog promotes chondrogenesis of rabbit bone marrow stem cells in a rotary cell culture system.

doi: 10.1186/s12861-019-0198-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 The effect of Shh on cartilage related markers during differentiation induction in the RCCS environment. a-h RT-PCR analysis of Sox9, ACAN, collagen II, collagen X, RUNX2, ALP, PPAR-γ and leptin on days 7,14 and 21 during differentiation induction. i, j Expression of Sox 9, collagen II, ACAN, collagen X, RUNX2, ALP and PPAR-γ in the RCCS dimensional environment on days 10 and 21 of chondrogenesis. The representative results were from three independent experiments. Significant differences between the control group are indicated by * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; differences between Shh and TGF-β transfection groups are indicated by # p < 0.05 or ## p < 0.01

Article Snippet: Antibodies recognising Ptc (Aviva Systems Biology, San Diego, CA, USA; 1:500), Smo (Aviva Systems Biology; 1:1,600), Gli1 (Biorbyt, Cambridgeshire, UK; 1:1,000), Sox9 (OriGene, Rockville, MD, USA; 1:500), collagen II (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA; 1:200), ACAN (Novus Biologicals; 1:100), collagen X (Abcam; 1:500), RUNX2 (Abcam; 1:500), ALP (Abcam; 1:500), PPAR-γ (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; 1:1000) and GAPDH (Novus Biologicals; 1:2000) were used as primary antibodies.

Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Control, Transfection